Ferdinand victor kallab



TATES ATENT rare.

FERDINAND VICTOR KALLAB, OF OFFENBAOH, GERMANY, ASSIGN OR TO THE FIRM OFK. OEHLER, OF SAME PLACE.

DYEING ANILIN=BLACK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 529,498, datedNovember 20, 1894.

Application filed October 16, 1 891.

fierial No. 408,949. (No specimens.) Patented in Germany September 28,1891, No. 68,887;

in Belgium October 3,1891, No. 96,860, April 11, 1892, No. 99,184, andJune 14,1892, No. 100,119; in England October 7, 1891, No. 17,082, andApril 22, 1892, No. 7,638; in Italy November 6. 1891, XXV, 30,663, LX,79, January 14, 1892. XXVI, 31,123. LXII. 257, and January 29, 1892,XXVI, 31,198, LXII, 321,- in Spain November 16, 1891, No- 12,599, andJuly 14, 1892,110- 18,172: in France December 12,1891,No. 218,013: inNorway April 9, 1892, No. 2,760, and in Austria- Hungary August 31,1893,11'0. 48,007 and No. 22,018.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that 1, FERDINAND VICTOR KALLAB, a subject of the Emperor ofAustria- Hungary, residing at Offenbach, near Frank- 5 fort-on-the-Main,in the Empire of Germany, have invented the following new and usefulimprovements in the production of anilinblack on Wool, hair, and otheranimal substances or mixed textile fabrics containing either of thesesubstances, (for which foreign patents have been granted as follows,viz: in Germany, No. 68,887, dated September 28, 1891; in Belgium, No.96,660, dated October 3, 1891, No. 99,184, dated April 11, 1892, and No.

100,119, dated June 14, 1892; in Great Britain, No. 17,082, datedOctober 7, 1891, and. No. 7,638, dated April 22, 1892; in Italy, Vols.XXV and LX, Nos. 30,563 and 79, dated November 6, 1891, Vols. XXVI andLXII, Nos.

31,123 and 257, dated January 14, 1892, and Vols. XXVI and LXII, Nos.31,193 and 321, dated January 29, 1892; in Spain, No. 12,599, datedNovember 16, 1891, and No. 13,172, dated July-14, 1892; in France, No.218,013, dated December 12, 1891; in Norway, No.

2,760, dated April 9, 1892, and in Austria- Hungary, No. 48,007 and No.22,018, dated August 31, 1893,) of which the following is aspecification.

My new process is the following: The goods are well washed and treatedwhile still moist, at the ordinary temperature for one half to one hourin a bath containing about from six per cent. (for printing) to ten percent. (for 3 5 plain black) of hypochlorite of lime and about from nineto fifteen per cent. muriatic acid of 34 Twaddle ofthe weightof thegoods. By this treatmentQan oxidation is produced which is so feeblethat/the white of the wool is but little affected. After this oxidationthe goods are well washed, dried and padded or printed with a mixturesuitable for producing steam anilin black on cotton.

Example 1.Padding: Four hundred and five grams equal fourteen andone-third ounces chlorhydrate of anilin or toluidin or a mixture ofboth. One hundred and fifty grams equal five and one-third ounceschlorate of soda. Two hundred and sixty grams equal nine and one-fourthounces yellow prusqo siate of potash, are dissolved, each by itself, in

as little Water as possible, mixed and diluted with water to threethousand one hundred and fifty cubic centimetres, equal two andfour-fifths pints of 1.096 density. A quantity of glycerin or sugar ofabout half the weight of the anilin salt added to this mixture producesa more intense black and the wool remains softer. It is also ofadvantage to add some tartaric acid.

Example 2.Printing: Eight hundred grams equal twenty eight and onethirdounces leiogomme water 1.1. Two hundred grams equal seven and one tenthounces chlorhydrate of anilin or toluidin or of a mixture of both.Seventy-five grams equal two and two-thirds ounces chlorate of soda. Onehundred and thirty grams equal four and two-thirds ounces yellowprussiate of potash. Two hundred and sixty grams equal nine andone-fourth ounces water. Forty grams equal one and four-tenths ouncestartaric acid.

The fabrics padded or printed are dried and then steamed for from a fewminutes to three-quarters of an hour or more, washed and if necessarysoaped or passed through a weak acid bath.

I do not confine myself to the use of chlorate of soda as equivalentquantities of the salts of potassium, ammonium or barium will serve aswell; also the yellow prussiate of pot ash (respectively of soda orammonium) can be replaced by the red prussiate or bya mixture of bothand the chlorhydrate of anilin or toluidin by the nitrates. 8 5

The concentration of the padding solution or of the printing color canbe varied according to the intensity of the black wanted. The proportionof the anilin salt to the oxidizing agents and that of the glycerin orsugar and 0 tartaric acid is also variable.

Although I give the preference to the preparing process by the mixtureof hypochlorite of lime and muriatic acid, Ido not exclude the followingmodifications: muriatic acid and hypochlorite of lime, separately, coldor warm at 176. Fahrenheit, sulfuric acid and hypochlorite of limeseparately or mixed in a bath, cold or warm, at 176 Fahrenheit; coldwatery solution of chlorin.

Mixtures developing hypochlorous acid instead of chlorin for instancethe hypochlorite of lime and acetic acid, render the wool very yellowand can only be used for plain goods; and besides hypochlorite of lime,other hypochlorites also and other oxidizing agents, for instancepermanganate ofpotashor mixtures of chromic acid and hydrogen dioxid mayserve as well. I would prefer the latter, using it at the temperature of86 Fahrenheit in a concentrated solution of about three per cent. andneutralized with ammonium until it gives a slight alkaline reaction.

WhatI claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The process herein described of producing anilin black on wool, hairand other animal substances or mixed textile fabrics containing eitherof these substances and consist- 2 5 ing in first oxidizing the goods,second padding or printing with a mixture suitable for producing steamanilin black on cotton, and finally developing the black by steaming.

2. The process herein described of producing anilin black on wool, hairand other animal substances or mixed textile fabrics containin g eitherof these substances and consisting in first subjecting the goods to sucha feeble oxidation that the white of the wool is but little affected,second padding or printing with a mixture suitable for producing steamanilin black on cotton, and finally developing the black by steaming.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FERDINAND VICTOR KALLAB.

Witnesses:

FRANZ HAPLACHER, JosEPH PATRICK.

